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The difference between COB Street Light, SMD Street Light, and Module Street Light

Street lights, are elevated sources of light on the road’s edge. This elevated source is typically a light bulb on a pole. However, modern street lights are far more advanced than the basic model. There are solar-powered street lights and other smart and advanced lighting options. Nowadays, lamps are outfitted with light-sensitive photocells that activate the light, whenever necessary, particularly when there is no or little ambivalent lighting on the road.Streetlights have a rich history, where these elevated sources of light have been used since ancient times for ease of navigation and safety. The streetlight serves the same purpose of providing a sense of safety and security to pedestrians and drivers.Street lights are an important aspect of the public place landscape. Other than providing light and illuminating dark areas, they are also a source of comfort, safety, development, and ease.These special elements are not just for giving light and direction, they also offer an appealing visual when customized to suit the landscape and structures around them. Hence, it gets much more important to select the right kind of light mechanism when choosing a street light setup.Alite has catalogs of various street lights to choose from, including COB street lights, SMD street lights, module street lights, solar-assisted, smart street lights, and residential ones. Have a look at this article to find out more!


What are a few essential parameters of LED lights?
Certain factors must be considered when selecting LED lights for use in streetlight lamps.
1. Wattage- When selecting an LED light, wattage is an important factor to consider. A LED bulb with a high wattage emits more light. However, the wattage of LEDs in streetlights must be determined in conjunction with other factors such as lighting distribution and division.
2. LED Driver- LED drivers (also known as LED power supplies) are similar to fluorescent lamp ballasts or low-voltage bulb transformers in that they provide LEDs with the electricity they require to function and perform optimally.
3. LED chips are an important deciding factor- LED chips play an important role in determining the quality and brightness of LED bulbs. For streetlights, there are two types of LED chips available. There are 2835,3030 and 5050 versions available. The LED chip 3030 version is a more expensive option with better performance. When it comes to energy efficiency, 5050 chips are a good choice.
4. Optical lens- A wide range of light distributions of various lenses are available for all types of lighting applications to improve light uniformity.
5. CCT (Correlated Color Temperature)- This is a measurement of the hue and tone of the white color provided by the LED. Kelvin, or K, is the unit of measurement for Correlated Color Temperature. The best CCT to use is determined by the location of the lighting.
6. CRI (color rendering index)- CRI stands for color rendering index. The Color Rendering Index (CRI) measures a light source’s ability to reproduce the colors of the object it illuminates accurately. LED lights typically have a CRI rating of 80 to 100. The high color rendering index of LED lights typically indicates a bright, natural, and accurate source of light.
Advantages of LED Streetlights or bulbs:
The street lighting systems used for the emission of light during the times of low visibility such as dusk and dawn, consume high amounts of electricity in their use. It is speculated that about 15 to 40% of the electricity consumption of a region goes towards the working of the streetlights in that area. Hence, the construction and the kind of streetlight used should be planned according to minimize the electrical consumption, installation, and maintenance cost of the streetlights. Here, using LED bulbs in streetlights comes into the picture. Recent technological developments assure an exponential increase in the light output of LEDs along with a reduction in energy consumption and maintenance costs. Due to the several advantages of LED bulbs, streetlights now use LED bulbs majorly.

● Modern LED bulbs produce 160-200 lumens of light output at just one-watt electrical power.

● The flexible and automatic control of the streetlights has increased the quality of performance of the streetlights. Also, the use of LED streetlights during the time of low visibility has resulted in energy efficiency.

● Smart LED streetlights are big when it comes to saving on energy consumption. Smart lights can automatically optimize and dim their light output according to the environment, saving on energy consumption.

● The life expectancy of an LED bulb used in the streetlight is high. The luminary output of the light remains consistent even after years of use. High life expectancy means lower maintenance costs. Even though the upfront cost of LEDs is high, the life-cycle cost of these lights is low.

● The color rendering index of the LEDs is high. The Color rendering index measures how accurately the artificial lights represent the natural color of the objects.

● Multiple lights producing a source used in the LED streetlights body reduces the glare of light.

Definition of COB LEDs, SMD LEDs, and Modular LEDs
Many LED bulbs are available in the market. These lights differ based on some essential features. We have the most common ones: COB, SMD, and module lights, which are mainly used in streetlights or lamp posts.

What are COB LED streetlights?
Here, COB stands for ‘Chip on Board.’ COB LED includes individual numerous diodes on a chip forming a single module. These numerous diodes as a singular module together emit light. There are numerous advantages to the application of COB LEDs in streetlights. For example, the chips or diodes can be spaced on the chip to produce maximum light output while being energy efficient as well.

What are SMD LED streetlights？
SMD is the abbreviated form of surface mount diode. Hence, SMD LED is essentially the surface mount light emitting diode. The SMD LED light source is a single-patch LED lamp bead with a surface-mounted light-emitting diode. An SMD LED has a higher level of efficiency. This is due to the fact that far more lumen output is generated per watt. Also,  SMD LED generates a wider light source, which implies it does not require as huge a heat sink like a COB LED. Furthermore, these lights have glazed reflectors on them, that further allow for even light distribution and conceal the chip array within the bulbs.

What are LED modules？
LEDs work by supplying voltage to any semiconductor compound, causing electrons to be struck off from surface and transmitting energy particles of light termed as ‘photons’. LED are essentially devices that transform electricity into light. In simple terms, an LED module is just a tool which contains numerous LED bulbs and is attached to a connector comprising a power source that powers each of the individual bulbs.  The material or ‘diode’ of the module is an electic semiconductor substance that, based on the kind of material, could generate a wide range of colours, or only white or Ultra violet light.

Advantages of COB, SMD, and LED Module Street Lights
All of these different types of street lights have different characteristics. They might share many similarities, but it is their differences that decide which LED street light should one go for. Based on their common characteristics and distinct features, here are some advantages of each type of street light to help you make the best choice.

Advantages of Chip On Board LED Street Light:
● It has a higher lumen per inch metric due to its compact size.

● It has a smaller circuit and fewer parts as only one circuit design is needed to power the multiple diode chips present in the COB LED bulbs.
● Heat generation can be reduced by decreasing the number of parts or components.
● The circuit board and electric connection has better reliability due to presence of wire stitching.
● It has a uniform light emitting spread over a large area, making it suitable for indoor and outdoor lighting.
● It has a relatively easy installation setup and design.

Advantages of Surface Mounted Device LED Street Light:SMD LED Street Lights are a great choice to go for due to their efficiency rates. Below listed are some of their numerous pros and advantages:
● The SMD LED came in various designs and shapes. They even have different sizes along with sophisticated designs.

● Chips used to make the SMD LED are much smaller in size, making them compact and ideal for even small minuscule spaces or corners.
● Compared to other LED types, they offer a wide light beam and can cover a larger area. This makes them perfect for coverage of large areas in industries, public spaces, roads or residential units.
● They contain the primary colors- Red, Blue, and Green, which can help generate various light combinations and produce dynamic colour effects.
● They are lightweight due to their build structure, and are easy to install. 
● Their wider light beam mechanism makes sure that less material is required for heat sink, making them more economical.

Advantages of LED Module Street Lights:With technological evolution, technology is becoming more compact and customizable. This is especially true when talking about LED module type of Street Lights. They also have numerous advantages. Some of their pros are listed below:
● They can effectively generate multi-colored lights and light shades other than just plain white light.
● They are efficient and have a better electricity to light conversion compared to traditional and modern models.
● Their better efficiency makes them ideal for multi-use like in residential complexes, business complexes, industries, etc.
● These LED circuit modules are interconnected with lead wires, which makes it easier to disconnect, re-connect, or customize. One can even create patterned street lights with these.
● They can generate a brightness range between 105 lumens to over 6000 lumens, making the adequate for all kinds of use.

Conclusion
Technology has evolved and has provided innovative mechanisms for traditional and conventional methods. Street light lighting now has better and more efficient options. All of these distinct options have their own advantages, and wide applications.COB street lights are a great option if you are looking for a durable and cheap Street light mechanism. While SMD street light provides greater efficiency and increased light coverage. Meanwhile, LED modules are a great option if you need good heat dissipation and easy maintenance, choose modular street lights.Each street light option is a game changer in itself and it is difficult to make a choice between them. There exist vast possibilities for every type of LED street light mechanisms. But the ideal one to choose depends solely upon your individual requirements, expectations, quality requirements, affordability, durability, etc.

作为新型智慧城市的基础载体和感知终端，提高基础设施利用率为基本目的，以立杆共杆为核心和载体，在实现智慧照明、绿色照明的基础上，选择性地集成通信、市政、环保、公安、交通、城管等诸多领域的智能感知设备，实现充电桩、无线通信、视频监控、流媒体、应急报警、环境监测、停车检测、井盖及积水监测、公共广播和信息交互等多种功能的—体化整合，是将工业设计与物联网技术相结合，满足功能需要的同时注重生态环境的和谐，具有小型化、美观化、隐蔽性和强大的复合功能，从而较大限度地提高资源利用率，为城市提供健康适用、高效便捷、和谐共存的基础设施，全面支撑新型智慧城市建设。

　　城市道路照明是城市公共设施的重要组成部分，而随着城镇化建设的推进井，城市道路照明路灯的数量越来越多。同时，在全封闭高速公路上也开始安置高速公路智慧灯杆并搭载智慧照明、视频监控、5G基站、WIFI、应急广播等智能通信及感知设备系统，实现多杆合一，融合大数据、物联网、人工智能等新兴技术对交通路况、安全隐患、天气文害等信息进行实时监测与发布，建设智慧高速公路。

　　高速公路场景下高速公路智慧灯杆的规划需注意问题

　　(1)道路照明的”阴影”问题

　　由于设计的不合理，灯的间距太大或具的配光曲线沿道路纵向的较大照度角度太/小.导致灯与灯之间昭度太低。这样路面就会”一明一暗”，这给行车带来了很大的视觉疲劳。

　　(2)横向路灯之间的”阴影”

　　由于设计的不合理，灯杆的高度、灯具的仰角不够，或灯具的配光曲线沿道路横向的较大照度角度太小.导致路面中心部分照度太低，这也会给行车带来诸多的不便。

　　解决以上这几种照明”阴影” 问题的办法主要还是依据道路照明设计中，灯距与火灯高、路宽与灯高的基本规律，再结合火具配光曲线进行火灯具的布局。

　　(3)全封闭高速公路照度问题

　　高速公路照明主要需要解决的是当汽车夜间高速行驶时，如何让驾驶员能迅速准确的接受必要的视觉信息(如路上有无障碍物，前后车辆的相对位置、速度、路面亮度和线形等)，使其及时做出反应，以事先防止由于视距不足而发生的交通事故，增加夜间行车的安全感和舒适感。但是在通常的照明设计中存在一个重要问题，就是照度过高造成资源的浪费。我们知道，高速公路是全封闭的道路，无行人及非机动车等，除了重点路段及桥梁可适当提高照度外，其他位置不需太高的照度就可以满足安全行车的需求。

　　解决以上照度问题较好的办法就是选用搭载智能照明系统并具备动态调整照度功能的高速公路智慧灯杆。

　　(4)高速公路智慧灯杆5G微基站选址规划

　　高速公路智慧灯杆作为分布较广、较密集的市政设施可以满足5G超密集组网的站址需求。路灯杆间距一般在20~30米之间，5G微站站址距要求在100~200米之间，按每根灯杆集成一套5G系统，路灯杆的数量完全可以满足三家电信运营商建站需求。

　　高速公路智慧灯杆5G基站建设需结合周边基站布局情况，综合考虑运营商的需求情况，合理规划布局。建议每隔200米预留一根高速公路智慧灯杆供电信企业使用，由于通信运营商拥有自己独立的通信网络，所以只需要提供光纤通至综合机房，供电则用高速公路智慧灯杆提供的电源端子。

　　(5)”多规合—”规划问题

　　高速公路智慧灯杆规划涉及政府部门的城乡控制性规划、国十空间规划等，伴随当前”十四五” 规划的编制以及其他城市规划文件的调整，需要系统性、多层次考虑高速公路智慧灯杆规划部署，规避城市规划风险。此外，由干高速公路智慧灯杆包含诸多跨领域的功能模块，涉及5G、视频监控、智慧交通等功能模块的规划，雾要综合考虑不同功能模块的技术特点和标准，结合城市区域差异和发展特点，具备一定超前意识，使之融入城市规划体系。

　　(6)基础数据的获取

　　高速公路智慧灯杆规划需要处理的数据涉及面广，不仅包含城市地理现状地图布局、规划布局、城市建筑物布局、管廊分布现状和规划等基础数据库，还涉及到不同部门或企业建设项目的信息、各功能模块建设标准和技术指标、信息安全等。因此，编制单位在规划开启阶段就需要与规划牵头部门深入沟通，在法律允许范围内，更多的获取基础数据，并得到规划牵头部门的认可，避免后期因基础数据的因素导致规划项目的延期。

　　作为智慧城市的新型基础设施之一，多功能智慧路灯正处于加速建设时期，应充分发挥规划在的智慧城市建设中的指导作用.抓住新—代信息化技术革命的浪湖，完成具有前瞻性、科学性、可操作性的规划，满足 “数字中国、智慧社会”的时代需求，提高城市规划建设能力和现代化治理能力。

在新型智慧城市建设及 5G 商用的带动下， 5G 智慧灯杆作为将信息通信技术与传统城市公共基础设施融合的典范，集“5G微基站、物联网、大数据、人工智能”四大特点于一体，被认为是较有发展前景的新型公共基础设施。

　　在智慧城市建设中，灯杆由单一的照明功能向“多杆合一”转变，不仅能美化道路环境，还能降本增效，提高市政管理效率。根据实际情况，一般分为两种部署方式：

　　1、存量灯杆的智能化改造，除了要考虑地理位置外，还得考虑现有灯杆的重量承受能力、改造的便捷性和成本。

　　2、新建智慧灯杆，根据灯杆所在城市的地理位置，如：公共区域、生活社区还是城市主干道等因素进行综合考虑。

　　5G 智慧灯杆无线联网解决方案

　　利用 5G 大带宽、超高可靠低时延、海量终端连接数量的特点，5G 智慧灯杆整合了 5G 微基站、LED 智能照明、视频监控、多媒体互动屏、公共广播、环境监测、Wi-Fi 热点、一键报警和积水监测等功能，并与井盖监测、水文监测、车位管理、交通调度等系统互联互通，在智慧交通、智慧安防、智慧市政等有着广泛的应用。

　　5G 微基站：智慧灯杆将 5G 基站接口集成，为 5G 提供海量站点资源。此外，智慧灯杆覆盖区域广、距离与连接的物体近，适合作为物联网系统的承载，通过各种连接方式，包括光纤传输网络、5G、NB-IoT、Wi-Fi、PLC、ZigBee 等，将无处不在的智能终端连接并统一管理，随时随地接收、整合和传递来自城市各个领域的信息，提升城市的智能化水平和管理效率。

　　5G 模组为智慧灯杆提供高可靠无线联网

　　多媒体交互屏：智慧灯杆具备靠近人群、成片和连线的特点，通过多媒体交互屏进行信息发布时，具有传播广、效应高、冲击力大的效果。当发生如火灾，地震等紧急事件时，可以通过多媒体信息发布系统进行应急广播、告警灯光提示，通知民众安全撤离;同时结合 LED 屏幕也可进行政府信息、交通信息和商业广告的发布。

　　安防系统：摄像系统，一键报警系统都是安防系统的一部分，系统之间可以联动，实现视频对讲，视频巡航跟踪。

　　智慧照明系统：根据照明需求，按时开关灯，智能调节路灯亮度。

　　环境传感系统：采集周边环境信息，不需要每根灯杆都搭载，一个园区或小镇搭载一套即可，所采集的信息可以共享到所有智慧灯杆的 LED 屏幕上。

　　户外 Wi-Fi 热点：社区通常是人们生活，休闲的去处，Wi-Fi 可以为休闲的人群提供高速上网体验。

　　IP 音柱：园区的 IP 音柱可以配合宣传视频，安防系统联动提供音频输出，可组播，也可以单播，一些突发事件可以通过 IP 音柱广播出去，及时告知民众如何防范，起到宣传，警示，安抚的作用。

　　充电桩系统：社区里有许多电动汽车，电动自行车，手机充电的需求，可以根据实际需求搭载不同充电桩，满足具体需求。

　　依托高速大带宽、超低时延的 5G 技术，内置 FG150(W)/FM150(W) 5G 无线通信模组的网关设备将从各传感器采集到的数据，实时上传到后端管理平台，结合边缘计算设备，在靠近数据源头的网络边缘侧，融合 AI 算法、存储、应用核心能力的开放平台，就近提供边缘智能服务。后台管理中心通过将采集的数据进行可视化管理，可提升应急和安防两方面信息化水平，实现事前对区域隐患和危险的主动防控，提高区域整体安全防护与应急保障能力，助市政部门提高管理效率。