{"id":3046,"date":"2023-10-08T09:03:19","date_gmt":"2023-10-08T01:03:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/garteng.com\/?p=3046"},"modified":"2023-10-08T09:03:20","modified_gmt":"2023-10-08T01:03:20","slug":"%e6%97%a0%e9%99%90%e8%bf%9c%e6%a0%a1%e6%ad%a3%e6%98%be%e5%be%ae%e7%89%a9%e9%95%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/garteng.com\/?p=3046","title":{"rendered":"\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\u6821\u6b63\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7b80\u4ecb<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u662f\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u7528\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u5fae\u5c0f\u7269\u4f53\u548c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5fae\u89c2\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u624b\u6bb5\u548c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u4ece\u4e8b\u5149\u5b66\u7cbe\u5bc6\u6d4b\u91cf\u3001\u5206\u6790\u5fae\u89c2\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u89c2\u5bdf\u7ec6\u5fae\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u5f00\u5c55\u5fae\u578b\u5de5\u827a\u7b49\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u4eea\u5668\u3002\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6765\u653e\u5927\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u6210\u50cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7167\u5c04\u6837\u54c1\u7684\u7167\u660e\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u4f46\u5927\u591a\u6570\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u90fd\u8981\u66f4\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u5728\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u5185\u90e8\u548c\u5176\u7269\u955c\u76ee\u955c\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd8\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u4e25\u683c\u63a7\u5236\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5927\u5c0f\u7684\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u955c\u5934\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gu-optics.com\/Uploads\/userfiles\/images\/1(10).png\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u56fe1 \u663e\u5fae\u955c\u5149\u8def\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u603b\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5f97\u5230\u6e05\u6670\u660e\u4eae\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7684\u5404\u9879\u5149\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u53c2\u6570\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6839\u636e\u5b9e\u9645\u60c5\u51b5\u6765\u534f\u8c03\u5404\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5145\u5206\u53d1\u6325\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u5e94\u6709\u7684\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u6ee1\u610f\u7684\u663e\u5fae\u6210\u50cf\u6548\u679c\u3002\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\u662f\u663e\u5fae\u6210\u50cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7ec4\u6210\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5b83\u5f88\u5927\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7684\u653e\u5927\u500d\u6570\u548c\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\uff0c\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u548c\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5149\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u53c2\u6570\uff1a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u653e\u5927\u500d\u7387<\/strong>\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u6574\u4f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u653e\u5927\u500d\u7387\u4e3a\u76ee\u955c\u548c\u7269\u955c\u7684\u653e\u5927\u500d\u7387\u7684\u4e58\u79ef\uff0c\u653e\u5927\u500d\u7387\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4ee5\u4e00\u4e2a\u6570\u503c\u548c\u201cx\u201d\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u598210x\u300120x\u300150x\u7b49\uff1b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u6570\u503c\u5b54\u5f84NA<\/strong>\u6570\u503c\u5b54\u5f84\u662f\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\u6700\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6280\u672f\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u65e0\u91cf\u7eb2\u91cf\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u7269\u955c\u63a5\u6536\u89d2\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u7528\u4ee5\u8861\u91cf\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u80fd\u591f\u6536\u96c6\u7684\u5149\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u6570\u503c\u5b54\u5f84NA\u662f\u900f\u955c\u4e0e\u7269\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u4ecb\u8d28\u7684\u6298\u5c04\u7387n\u548c\u534a\u5b54\u5f84\u89d2\u03b8\u7684\u6b63\u5f26\u4e4b\u4e58\u79ef\uff0c\u5373<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>NA = n \u00d7 sin\u03b8<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gu-optics.com\/Uploads\/userfiles\/images\/2(8).png\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u56fe2 \u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\u5b54\u5f84\u793a\u610f\u56fe<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u5206\u8fa8\u7387<\/strong>\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u662f\u6307\u80fd\u88ab\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u6e05\u6670\u533a\u5206\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7269\u70b9\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u95f4\u8ddd\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u03c3 = \u03bb \/ NA<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u5176\u4e2d\u03c3\u4e3a\u6700\u5c0f\u5206\u8fa8\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u03bb\u4e3a\u5149\u7ebf\u7684\u6ce2\u957f\uff0cNA\u4e3a\u7269\u955c\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5b54\u5f84\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ddd\u79bb<\/strong>\u7269\u955c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ddd\u79bb\u6307\u7269\u955c\u5e95\u9762\u5230\u6837\u54c1\u8868\u9762\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u5728\u7269\u955c\u6570\u503c\u5b54\u5f84\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ddd\u79bb\u77ed\u5219\u5b54\u5f84\u89d2\u5927\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u7269\u955c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\u662f\u5149\u5b66\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u96f6\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u6700\u96be\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u88c5\u914d\u7684\u96f6\u4ef6\uff0c\u7269\u955c\u662f\u7531\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u900f\u955c\u7ec4\u88c5\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u7269\u955c\u7684\u6210\u50cf\u8d28\u91cf\u76f4\u63a5\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u9009\u62e9\u5408\u9002\u7684\u7269\u955c\u65f6\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u653e\u5927\u500d\u7387\u3001\u6570\u503c\u5b54\u5f84\u7b49\u4e0a\u8ff0\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u6280\u672f\u6307\u6807\u5916\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u50cf\u5dee\u6821\u6b63\u4e5f\u662f\u6781\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u3002\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\u6309\u7167\u50cf\u5dee\u6821\u6b63\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0d\u540c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u4e3a\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\u7269\u955c\u3001\u590d\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\u7269\u955c\u3001\u5e73\u573a\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\u7269\u955c\u3001\u5e73\u573a\u590d\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\u7269\u955c\u7b49\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\u7269\u955c\uff08Achromatic objective\uff09<\/strong>\u5b83\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u7269\u955c\uff0c\u5916\u58f3\u4e0a\u5e38\u6709\u201cAch\u201d\u5b57\u6837\uff0c\u5b83\u9488\u5bf9\u84dd\u5149\uff08486nm\uff09\u548c\u7ea2\u5149\uff08656nm\uff09\u4e24\u79cd\u6ce2\u957f\u8fdb\u884c\u8272\u5dee\u6821\u6b63\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5bf9546nm\u6ce2\u957f\u7684\u5149\u8fdb\u884c\u7403\u5dee\u6821\u6b63\u3002\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\u900f\u955c\u662f\u5355\u8272\u5149\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u9009\u62e9\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u590d\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\u7269\u955c\uff08Apochromatic objective\uff09<\/strong>\u590d\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\u7269\u955c\u5916\u58f3\u4e0a\u6807\u6709\u201cApo\u201d\u5b57\u6837\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e09\u79cd\u6ce2\u957f\u533a\u57df\uff08\u7ea2\u8272\u3001\u84dd\u8272\u548c\u9ec4\u8272\uff09\u4e2d\u6821\u6b63\u8272\u5dee\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4e5f\u80fd\u591f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e8c\u5230\u4e09\u79cd\u6ce2\u957f\u7684\u7403\u5dee\u6821\u6b63\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5b54\u5f84\u548c\u8f83\u957f\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5149\u5b66\u7ed3\u6784\u66f4\u4e3a\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u4e14\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u91c7\u7528\u7279\u79cd\u73bb\u7483\u6216\u8424\u77f3\u7b49\u6750\u6599\u5236\u4f5c\u3002\u590d\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\u7269\u955c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u7528\u4e8e\u767d\u5149\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u5e73\u573a\u7269\u955c\uff08Plan Objective\uff09<\/strong>\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\/\u590d\u6d88\u8272\u5dee\u7269\u955c\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u5927\u653e\u5927\u500d\u7387\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u573a\u66f2\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u50cf\u573a\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u5e73\u9762\u800c\u662f\u53d1\u751f\u5f2f\u66f2\uff0c\u5e73\u573a\u7269\u955c\u5373\u5728\u7269\u955c\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u573a\u66f2\u8fdb\u884c\u6821\u6b63\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fb9\u7f18\u89c6\u573a\u50cf\u5dee\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u66f2\u9762\u573a\u53d8\u6210\u5e73\u9762\u3002\u5e73\u573a\u7269\u955c\u5916\u58f3\u4e0a\u6807\u6709\u201cPlan\u201d\u5b57\u6837\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d&amp;\u6709\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d<\/strong>\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d\u3001\u6709\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\u7684\u7269\u9762\u4e0e\u50cf\u9762\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u5171\u8f6d\u9762\u800c\u8a00\u7684\u3002\u5982\u56fe3a\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6709\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\uff0c\u4ece\u6837\u54c1\u6563\u5c04\u7684\u5149\u88ab\u7269\u955c\u6c47\u805a\u5230\u4e00\u70b9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u901a\u8fc7\u76ee\u955c\u6210\u50cf\uff1b\u800c\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\uff0c\u5982\u56fe3b\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u7269\u955c\u540e\u5b54\u5f84\u7684\u5149\u7ebf\u4f1a\u88ab\u51c6\u76f4\uff0c\u5728\u6210\u50cf\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u955c\u7b52\u900f\u955c\u5c06\u7269\u955c\u51c6\u76f4\u540e\u7684\u5149\u805a\u7126\u5728\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u4e0a\u3002\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\u5916\u58f3\u4e0a\u6807\u6709\u201c\u221e\u201d\u5b57\u6837\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gu-optics.com\/Uploads\/userfiles\/images\/x.png\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u56fe3&nbsp; a\u6709\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d\u7269\u955c&nbsp; &nbsp;b\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d\u7269\u955c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d\u7269\u955c\u4e0e\u6709\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d\u7269\u955c\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4f18\u52bf\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\u5171\u8f6d\u7269\u955c\u548c\u955c\u7b52\u900f\u955c\u4e4b\u95f4\u63d2\u5165\u504f\u632f\u7247\u3001\u6ee4\u6ce2\u7247\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u6539\u53d8\u5149\u675f\u4f20\u64ad\u65b9\u5411\u3002\u7269\u955c\u955c\u7b52\u4e0a\u5370\u6709\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7269\u955c\u7684\u89c4\u683c\uff0c\u7528\u6237\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u8fa8\u522b\uff0c\u4ee5\u8054\u5408\u5149\u79d1\u63a8\u51fa\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u8fdc\u6821\u6b63\u957f\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ddd\u79bb\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0b\u6807\u8bc6\u6240\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u542b\u4e49\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gu-optics.com\/Uploads\/userfiles\/images\/4(2).png\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u56fe4 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decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gu-optics.com\/Uploads\/userfiles\/images\/%E5%9B%BE5%E5%BE%AE%E6%9D%9F%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C.png\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u56fe5 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src=\"https:\/\/www.gu-optics.com\/Uploads\/userfiles\/images\/%E5%9B%BE6%E9%A3%9E%E7%A7%92%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5.png\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u56fe6&nbsp; \u5728\u98de\u79d2\u6fc0\u5149\u5fae\u7eb3\u52a0\u5de5\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u5de5\u4e1a\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528<\/strong>\u65e0\u9650\u5171\u8f6d\u957f\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ddd\u79bb\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u5fae\u89c2\u5f62\u8c8c\u68c0\u6d4b\u4e0a\u4e5f\u6709\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u56fe7\u662f\u5728\u5171\u805a\u7126\u663e\u539f\u7406\u7684\u8f6e\u5ed3\u4eea\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b03D\u5f62\u8c8c\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u548c\u5173\u952e\u5c3a\u5bf8\u7684\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/www.gu-optics.com\/Uploads\/userfiles\/images\/7(2).png\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u56fe7 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\u663e\u5fae\u7269\u955c\u5b54\u5f84\u793a\u610f\u56fe \u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u7684\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u662f\u6307\u80fd\u88ab\u663e\u5fae\u955c\u6e05\u6670\u533a\u5206\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u7269\u70b9\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u95f4\u8ddd\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u4e3a \u03c3 = \u03bb \/ NA \u5176\u4e2d\u03c3\u4e3a\u6700\u5c0f\u5206\u8fa8\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u03bb\u4e3a\u5149\u7ebf\u7684\u6ce2\u957f\uff0cNA\u4e3a\u7269\u955c\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5b54\u5f84\u3002 \u5de5\u4f5c\u8ddd\u79bb\u7269\u955c\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ddd\u79bb\u6307\u7269\u955c\u5e95\u9762\u5230\u6837\u54c1\u8868\u9762\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u5728\u7269\u955c\u6570\u503c\u5b54\u5f84\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5de5\u4f5c\u8ddd\u79bb\u77ed\u5219\u5b54\u5f84\u89d2\u5927\u3002 \u7269\u955c\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b 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