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alt=\"\"\/><\/figure><p>\u5173\u4e8e\u4f20\u7edf\u900f\u955c\u53ef\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6781\u5176\u4e30\u5bcc\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u7528\u4e86\u4e0a\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7279\u6027\u88ab\u7814\u7a76\u5f97\u592a\u591a\u592a\u591a\u4e86\uff0c\u4eca\u5929\u5c31\u4e0d\u591a\u8bf4\u4e86\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u5174\u8da3\u53ef\u4ee5\u53bb\u67e5\u9605\u300a\u51e0\u4f55\u5149\u5b66\u300b\uff08\u7248\u672c\u4e0d\u9650\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5149\u5b66\u5143\u4ef6\u56e0\u4e3a\u5236\u4f5c\u5de5\u827a\u6210\u719f\u3001\u6613\u4e8e\u6279\u91cf\u751f\u4ea7\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u73b0\u5728\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\u5404\u5927\u5149\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u5ba0\u513f\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u79cd\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5e73\u53f0\u4e0a\u90fd\u80fd\u89c1\u5230\u5176\u5353\u7edd\u7684\u98ce\u59ff\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e09\u4e94\u4e2a\u900f\u955c\u90fd\u4e0d\u597d\u610f\u601d\u8bf4\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u641e\u5149\u5b66\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\u5728\u5982\u4eca\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u6216\u8005\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5bf9\u4f53\u79ef\u3001\u91cd\u91cf\u3001\u6750\u6599\u3001\u4ef7\u683c\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u8981\u6c42\u7684\u573a\u5408\uff0c\u4f20\u7edf\u900f\u955c\u663e\u5f97\u6709\u4e9b\u529b\u4e0d\u4ece\u5fc3\u4e86\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u89c1\u5f02\u601d\u8fc1\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u5f00\u59cb\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u900f\u955c\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u524d\u63d0\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u8fdb\u884c\u9002\u5f53\u6539\u9020\uff0c\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4e0d\u540c\u4eba\u7fa4\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u53e3\u5473\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u884d\u5c04\u5149\u5b66\u5143\u4ef6\u2014\u2014\u83f2\u6d85\u5c14\u900f\u955c\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u3002<\/p><p>\u4e8c\u3001&nbsp;\u83f2\u6d85\u5c14\u900f\u955c<\/p><p>20\u4e16\u7eaa60\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5149\u5b66\u5143\u4ef6\u548c\u4eea\u5668\u4e5f\u5728\u9010\u6e10\u5411\u7740\u5c0f\u578b\u5316\u3001\u9635\u5217\u5316\u548c\u96c6\u6210\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u5fae\u5149\u5b66\u8fd9\u95e8\u5149\u5b66\u5206\u652f\u5e94\u8fd0\u800c\u751f\u3002\u603b\u4f53\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5fae\u5149\u5b66\u5305\u62ec\u4e24\u4e2a\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u6298\u5c04\u539f\u7406\u7684\u68af\u5ea6\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u5149\u5b66\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u57fa\u4e8e\u5149\u6ce2\u884d\u5c04\u539f\u7406\u7684\u884d\u5c04\u5149\u5b66\uff0c\u53c8\u79f0\u4e8c\u5143\u5149\u5b66\u3002\u524d\u8005\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u5177\u6709\u68af\u5ea6\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u7684\u4ecb\u8d28\u8bbe\u8ba1\u548c\u5236\u9020\u5149\u5b66\u6210\u50cf\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u900f\u955c\u53c8\u79f0\u68af\u6790\uff08GRIN\uff0cGradient-index\uff09\u900f\u955c\u3002\u540e\u8005\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5668\u4ef6\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u884d\u5c04\u5149\u5b66\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e8e80\u5e74\u4ee3\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\uff08MIT\uff09<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.360doc.com\/search.aspx\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u6797\u80af<\/a>\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4Wilfrid B .Veldkamp\u5e26\u9886\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ec4\u7387\u5148\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u8fd9\u6216\u8bb8\u662f\u6241\u5e73\u5316\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u3002<\/p><p>\u4e0e\u4f20\u7edf\u900f\u955c\u548cGRIN\u900f\u955c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5143\u4ef6\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u5149\u6ce2\u7684\u884d\u5c04\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u8f85\u52a9\u8bbe\u8ba1\uff08<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.360doc.com\/search.aspx\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CAD<\/a>\uff09\u548c\u96c6\u6210\u7535\u8def\u5236\u5907\u5de5\u827a\uff08IC\uff09\uff0c\u5728\u57fa\u7247\uff08wafer\uff09\u6216\u4f20\u7edf\u5149\u5b66\u5668\u4ef6\u7684\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u523b\u8680\uff08etching\uff09\u51fa\u9ad8\u4f4e\u4e0d\u5e73\u6df1\u6d45\u4e0d\u4e00\u3001\u5177\u6709\u7279\u5b9a\u6d6e\u96d5\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u7eaf\u76f8\u4f4d\u884d\u5c04\u5149\u5b66\u5143\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u5bf9\u5165\u5c04\u5149\u76f8\u4f4d\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5236\u3002\u6839\u636e\u5e94\u7528\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u884d\u5c04\u5149\u5b66\u5143\u4ef6\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5149\u6805\u3001\u5206\u675f\u5668\uff0c\u5149\u675f\u6574\u5f62\u5668\u3001\u591a\u7126\u70b9\u6fc0\u5149\u900f\u955c\u3001\u6da1\u955c\u5934\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u4eca\u5929\u4e3b\u8981\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e00\u79cd\u6700\u7b80\u5355\u3001\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u5668\u4ef6\u2500\u2500\u83f2\u6d85\u5c14\u900f\u955c\uff08Fresnel 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